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Energy budgeting and carbon footprint of different wheat-rice cropping systems in China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Du, Xiangbei 1 ; Xi, Min 2 ; Kong, Lingcong 1 ; Chen, Xiaofei 1 ; Zhang, Ligan 3 ; Zhang, Hongcheng 4 ; Dai, Qigen 4 ; Wu, Wenge 2 ;

作者机构： 1.Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Crop Res Inst, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China

2.Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China

3.Anhui Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China

4.Yangzhou Univ, Coll Agron, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

关键词： Wheat-rice rotation; Energy use efficiency; Carbon footprint; Field scale

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：9.8； 五年影响因子：9.6 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2023 年 879 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Wheat-rice cropping system in China, characterized by smallholder with conventional practice, is energy- and carbonintensive. Cooperative with scientific practice is a promising practice to increase resource use while reducing environmental impact. However, comprehensive studies of the energy and carbon (C) budgeting of management practices on the actual field-scale production under different production types are lacking. The present research examined the energy and C budgeting of smallholder and cooperative using conventional practice (CP) or scientific practice (SP) at the field scale level in the Yangtze River Plain, China. The SPs and cooperatives exhibited 9.14 % and 6.85 % and 4.68 % and 2.49 % higher grain yields over the corresponding CPs and smallholders, respectively, while maintaining 48.44 % and 28.50 % and 38.81 % and 20.16 % higher net income. Compared to the CPs, the corresponding SPs reduced the total energy input by 10.35 % and 7.88 %, and the energy savings were primarily attributable to reductions in fertilizer, water, and seeds through the use of improved techniques. The total energy input in the cooperatives was 11.53 % and 9.09 % lower than that for the corresponding smallholders due to the mechanistic enhancements and improved operational efficiency. As a result of the increased yields and reduced energy inputs, the SPs and cooperatives ultimately increased energy use efficiency. The high productivity attributed to increased C output in the SPs, which increased C use efficiency and the C sustainability index (CSI) but decreased the C footprint (CF) over the corresponding CPs. The higher productivity and more efficient machinery of cooperatives increased the CSI and reduced the CF compared to the corresponding smallholders. Overall, the SPs coupled with cooperatives were the most energy efficient, C efficient, profitable and productive for wheat-rice cropping systems. In the future, improved fertilization management practices and integration of smallholder farms were effective means for developing sustain

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