文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xu, Qicheng ¹ ; Ling, Ning ¹ ; Chen, Huan ³ ; Duan, Yinghua ⁴ ; Wang, Shuang ⁵ ; Shen, Qirong ¹ ; Vandenkoornhuyse, Ph ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Nanjing Agr Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Solid Organ Waste Utilizat, Jiangsu Collaborat Innovat Ctr Solid Organ Waste, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

2.Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6553 EcoBio, Rennes, France

3.Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Crop Res Inst, Hefei, Peoples R China

4.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Beijing, Peoples R China

5.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Harbin, Peoples R China

关键词： deterministic processes; fertilization; generalist; specialist; stochastic processes

期刊名称：MSYSTEMS （ 影响因子：6.496； 五年影响因子：8.236 ）

ISSN： 2379-5077

年卷期： 2020 年 5 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Fertilization regimes are known to drive succession of the soil microbial community, whereas the assembly rules involved remain elusive. Moreover, the ecological roles of microbial "generalists" and "specialists" in soils with contrasting fertilization regimes have not been characterized. We explored how long-term fertilization regimes (i.e., treatments conducted for at least 30 years) impact the soil bacteria by modifying species richness, diversity, bacterial assembly, and niche breadth. Compared with long-term organic fertilizer input, the soils having undergone chemicalonly fertilization contained smaller amounts of carbon resources and had a more acidic environment. This strong environmental constraint lowered the soil bacterial reservoir and resulted in a detectable ecoevolutionary transformation, with both a higher proportion of specialists and a stronger signature of deterministic processes. Overall, this study provided a new comprehensive understanding of the assembly rules of bacterial generalists and specialists under long-term fertilization regimes. This study also highlighted that chemical-only fertilization, a ubiquitous agricultural practice of current conventional agriculture, induced a strong and similar environmental force that transformed the soil microbiota from 28 degrees N to 46 degrees N included in this study. IMPORTANCE Chemical-only fertilization is ubiquitous in contemporary conventional agriculture despite the fact that sustainability of this agricultural practice is increasingly being questioned because of the current observed soil degradation. We explored how long-term chemical-only versus organic-only fertilizations impacted the soil microbiota reservoir in terms of both diversity and induced assembly processes. The results showed that long-term chemical-only fertilization resulted in deep selection pressure on the soil microbial community reservoir, with both a higher proportion of specialists and a stronger signature of deterministic processes. The soil microbiota has clearly changed as a consequence of the fertilization regime. The diagnoses of the functional consequences of these ecoevolutionary changes in relation to agricultural practices are key to imagining agriculture in the time ahead and especially regarding future efforts for the conservation, restoration, and management of the soil microbiota reservoir which is key to the fertility of the ecosystem.