Gill remodeling increases the respiratory surface area of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) under hypoxic stress
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Xu, Xiao-Na 1 ; Chen, Song-Lin 1 ; Jiang, Zhu-Xiang 1 ; Nissa, Meher un 1 ; Zou, Shu-Ming 1 ;
作者机构： 1.Minist Agr, Genet & Breeding Ctr Blunt Snout Bream, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China
2.Minist Agr, Key Lab Freshwater Aquat Genet Resources, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China
3.Shanghai Ocean Univ, Natl Demonstrat Ctr Expt Fisheries Sci Educ, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China
4.Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Fisheries Res Inst, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China
关键词： Cell apoptosis; Dissolved oxygen; Gill lamellae; Gill morphology; Hypoxia acclimation
期刊名称：COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY （ 影响因子：2.888； 五年影响因子：2.903 ）
ISSN： 1095-6433
年卷期： 2022 年 272 卷
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Seasonal changes, diurnal variations, and eutrophication result in periodic hypoxia in fish habitats, thus affecting the success of commercial aquaculture. In this study, the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) presented moderate hypoxia tolerance; they showed a medium critical oxygen tension during the loss of equilibrium. In response to 7 d of hypoxic exposure, the erythrocyte count and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration significantly increased (p < 0.01). To cope with the hypoxic environment, the grass carp underwent gill remodeling marked by reduction in the interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) and an increase in respiratory surface area. The gill remodeling under hypoxia was enabled by apoptosis induction. Although apoptotic signals were not found on ILCM cells, transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay results indicated that after 1 d of hypoxic exposure, the number of TUNEL-positive cells per lamella increased until 4 d and then began to decrease. Consistent with the results of the TUNEL assay, the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes, caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2, increased at 1, 4, and 7 d of the hypoxia treatment. In addition, gill remodeling significantly (p < 0.01) decreased the concentration of sodium and chloride ions in the fish serum. These findings provide evidence that grass carps increase their respiratory surface area through gill remodeling by apoptosis in the gill filaments to acclimate to a hypoxic environment. This study expands our understanding of the morphological and physiological changes in grass carp in response to a hypoxic environment; therefore, it could be useful for maintaining grass carp production.
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