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GC-Faster RCNN: The Object Detection Algorithm for Agricultural Pests Based on Improved Hybrid Attention Mechanism

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Guan, Bolun 1 ; Wu, Yaqian 2 ; Zhu, Jingbo 1 ; Kong, Juanjuan 1 ; Dong, Wei 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Econ & Informat, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China

2.Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Maanshan 243032, Peoples R China

关键词： object detection; hybrid attention mechanism; optimization function; agricultural pests

期刊名称：PLANTS-BASEL （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：4.5 ）

ISSN： 2223-7747

年卷期： 2025 年 14 卷 7 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Pest infestations remain a critical threat to global agriculture, significantly compromising crop yield and quality. While accurate pest detection forms the foundation of precision pest management, current approaches face two primary challenges: (1) the scarcity of comprehensive multi-scale, multi-category pest datasets and (2) performance limitations in detection models caused by substantial target scale variations and high inter-class morphological similarity. To address these issues, we present three key contributions: First, we introduce Insect25-a novel agricultural pest detection dataset containing 25 distinct pest categories, comprising 18,349 high-resolution images. This dataset specifically addresses scale diversity through multi-resolution acquisition protocols, significantly enriching feature distribution for robust model training. Second, we propose GC-Faster RCNN, an enhanced detection framework integrating a hybrid attention mechanism that synergistically combines channel-wise correlations and spatial dependencies. This dual attention design enables more discriminative feature extraction, which is particularly effective for distinguishing morphologically similar pest species. Third, we implement an optimized training strategy featuring a cosine annealing scheduler with linear warm-up, accelerating model convergence while maintaining training stability. Experiments have shown that compared with the original Faster RCNN model, GC-Faster RCNN has improved the average accuracy mAP0.5 on the Insect25 dataset by 4.5 percentage points, and mAP0.75 by 20.4 percentage points, mAP0.5:0.95 increased by 20.8 percentage points, and the recall rate increased by 16.6 percentage points. In addition, experiments have also shown that the GC-Faster RCNN detection method can reduce interference from multiple scales and high similarity between categories, improving detection performance.

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